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Distribution and Regeneration Status of Guibourtia copallifera Benn. in Sierra Leone
Jonathan Johnny,
Aiah Lebbie,
Richard Wadsworth
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
39-53
Received:
15 April 2023
Accepted:
15 May 2023
Published:
29 May 2023
Abstract: This study was conducted to assess the species distributional range, structure, and regeneration status of G. copallifera Benn. A distributional survey was conducted in over 30 villages and communities where claims were made about the presence of this species. At four locations, pairs of large plots measuring 500m x 20m were laid out 400m apart and each subdivided into ten (10) subplots (50m x 20m). For the regeneration studies (Seeds, seedlings and saplings), four quadrats of 5m x 5m were established in each subplot (giving a total of 320 quadrats). A total of 1,294 live individuals from 74 tree species and 12 lianas were recorded, representing 61 genera in 27 families. Guibourtia copallifera has the highest dominance, followed by Nesogordonia papaveriefera (A. Chev.) Capuron ex N. Hallé., Memecylon normandii Jacq.-Fél. and Gmelina arborea Roxb. Species such as Homalium africanum (Hook. f.) Benth. Lindackeria dentata (Oliv.) Gilg, Pentadesma butyracea Sabine. and Santiria trimera (Oliv.) Aubrév. were recorded at low levels. Regarding family dominance, the Leguminosae - Caesalpiniaceae scores the highest, followed by Sterculiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Melastomataceae and Verbenaceae. The density of regenerating individuals varied significantly between subplots based on the amount of degradation. The regeneration and spatial patterns of the species examined in this study exhibited clear relationships with disturbance intensity. Urgent action is needed to conserve this species, together with other ecologically and economically important tree species, before they are locally exterminated.
Abstract: This study was conducted to assess the species distributional range, structure, and regeneration status of G. copallifera Benn. A distributional survey was conducted in over 30 villages and communities where claims were made about the presence of this species. At four locations, pairs of large plots measuring 500m x 20m were laid out 400m apart and...
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The Release and Registration of “Walashe” Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Variety
Hiwot Sebsibe,
Endeshaw Tadesse,
Kasahun Tadesse,
Ermias Teshome,
Girma Fana
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
54-57
Received:
7 November 2022
Accepted:
9 December 2022
Published:
5 June 2023
Abstract: Walashe is a common name for six - rowed, hulled food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety with a pedigree designation of IBON HI 14/15 P#116. The variety has been developed and released by Sinana agricultural research center for commercial production in the highlands of Bale. It has been tested at Sinana, Goba, Adaba, Dodola and Gassera areas during 2018-2019 main cropping seasons along with sixteen genotypes advanced from the ICARDA lines. The variety is well adapted to altitudes ranging between 2100-2500 m.a.s.l in the south eastern Ethiopia and similar agro ecology. Walashe is characterized by white seed color, large seed size, long spike and high yielder. This variety is a medium maturity & its mean grain yield performance ranged from 3.7 to 5.4 tonha-1 on research field and 3.3 to 4.4 tonha-1 on farmers’ field and has average thousand-kernel weight of 38 g. Walashe showed 14% and 18% yield advantage over the standard check Robera and Abdane as well as 15% overthird standard check EH1493, respectively. Based on stability parameters, Walashe showed relatively better grain yield performance and stable adaptability across locations years than the standard checks. The variety showed tolerant to major barley disease and tolerant to barley shoot fly than checksand exhibit compensatory growth after shoot fly damage and it was released in 2021.
Abstract: Walashe is a common name for six - rowed, hulled food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety with a pedigree designation of IBON HI 14/15 P#116. The variety has been developed and released by Sinana agricultural research center for commercial production in the highlands of Bale. It has been tested at Sinana, Goba, Adaba, Dodola and Gassera areas durin...
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Study of Strawberry Fertilization Practices and Their Effects on Fruit Yield and Quality in the Loukkos-Gharb Region
Amal Nakro,
Lamiae Ghaouti,
Ahmed Bennani,
Sifeddine Ouahdani,
Aziz Ezzahouani,
Badre El Himdy,
Ahmed Bamouh
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
58-63
Received:
31 January 2023
Accepted:
24 February 2023
Published:
5 June 2023
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of strawberry fertilization practices on fruit yield and quality in the Loukkos-Gharb region in Morocco. The investigation combined a survey carried out among strawberry growers, and fruit laboratory analysis performed on strawberry samples collected from growers’ farms. Our results show that cultivation practices are almost similar among growers. However, we have observed that large-scale strawberry growers prefer higher planting density, 65,000 plants/ha in average compared to 55,000 plants/ha practiced generally by the rest of the growers, and they use the Fortuna strawberry variety, an early maturing plant material. We also noticed that early planting of root ball plants of the Fortuna strawberry variety in high tunnels, at the beginning of September, allows large-scale strawberry growers to harvest at the start of November, a month earlier than the other growers. Again, such strawberry cultivation system set up in the region offers high yields for large growers, an average of 60 T/ha compared to 45 and 50T/ha obtained by small and medium growers, respectively. Fruit analysis revealed variations in soluble solids concentrations ranging from 6.7 to 11 °Brix, these values are independent of variety, category of producer and yield. For the fertilization aspect, several trends of soluble solids concentrations were correlated with three elements N, P and K showing respective correlation coefficients of 0.34, 0.35 and 0.48. Only Potassium has shown a significant correlation (p=0.05). No significant relationship was found between acidity and the studied nutrients.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of strawberry fertilization practices on fruit yield and quality in the Loukkos-Gharb region in Morocco. The investigation combined a survey carried out among strawberry growers, and fruit laboratory analysis performed on strawberry samples collected from growers’ farms. Our results show that c...
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Characterization of the Production System of Tiger Nuts Nutritionals Tubers Cultivated and Marketed in Benin
Zérach Jésugnon Noukpozounkou,
Eric Marius Badoussi,
Balbine Fagla Amoussou,
Nicodème Chabi,
Paulin Azokpota
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
64-73
Received:
21 March 2023
Accepted:
18 May 2023
Published:
20 June 2023
Abstract: Nutsedge is a neglected perennial plant whose roots produce tuberous seeds with high nutritional potential. The valuation of this species requires knowledge of the national availability. This study aims to assess the availability and production systems of tiger nuts in the face of food insecurity in Benin. A survey was done conducted in the 7 agricultural development centers of Benin using a GPS to locate the production areas for tiger nut tubers and a survey sheet has been administered to producers. The resultats show that 5 poles out of 7 practice the cultivation of tiger nut in Benin. Pole 3 is the leading producer of tiger nut with a rate of 54.13% followed by poles 4, 5, 1 and 2 with 15.60%, 15.60%, 11.93%, 11% respectively. The quantity of tiger nut grown in Benin is estimated in 2019 at 25,170 kg over 80.85 ha. Of the cultivated varieties, the yellow varieties are predominant and are oriented towards external markets. The tiger nut agricultural calendar is July to August. Land clearing consists of clearing the ground, grubbing up and destroying previous crops. In order to break dormancy, tiger nut tubers from old harvests are immersed in water for 3 days and then sown. Producers use the tubers harvested in previous campaigns as seed for future campaigns. The cultivation of tiger nut is done by producers manually without the assistance of mechanical machinery or animal traction. Growers grow nutsedge alone or in combination with other crops. The main reasons for the association of tiger nut and okra cultivation are: the lack of land and the search for shade during the harvest. When spreading, 8 bags are used on average per hectare. In the municipalities of Boukoumbé, Matéri, Ouèssè, Ouinhi, Tanguiéta and Toucountouna, the use of manure is the only type of fertilizer used. In addition, the combination of fertilizers during spreading is provided by a few producers living in other municipalities, namely: Cobly, Kérou, Malanville, Savè, and Dassa-Zounmè. The types of manure that producers use when spreading with mineral fertilizers (Urea and NPK). Thus all producers in all municipalities make use of cow purse, plant debris and poultry droppings. As for the effects of climatic factors, they have a favorable impact on the yield of tiger nut. The survey revealed very low availability of tiger nut and production systems are rudimentary and subject to considerable production constraints.
Abstract: Nutsedge is a neglected perennial plant whose roots produce tuberous seeds with high nutritional potential. The valuation of this species requires knowledge of the national availability. This study aims to assess the availability and production systems of tiger nuts in the face of food insecurity in Benin. A survey was done conducted in the 7 agric...
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Effect of Halo, Osmo and Hydro-Priming on Yield and Yield Related Traits of Common Bean at Raya Valley of Tigray Region, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
74-79
Received:
8 May 2023
Accepted:
5 June 2023
Published:
20 June 2023
Abstract: This study was carried out in order to evaluate effect of seed priming on seed yield and yield components of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Tigray region, Mehone agricultural research center. Low quality seed causes poor seedling emergence, which is one of the biggest barriers to closing the enormous yield gap, particularly in environments that are prone to drought. In order to assess the impact on germination and yield of the Nasr variety of common bean, hydro, osmo, and halo priming methods were applied, along with priming durations of 6, 12, and 18 hours using RCBD design. ANOVA analysis showed that between all experimental traits there was significant difference. Minimum emergency date (6.94) was recorded by priming with potassium nitrate and priming duration of 18hr (7.11). The shortest (77.77) and longest date (82.44) flowering date was registered by priming with manitol and water respectively. Maximum value of Pod per plant, seed per plant and seed yield was obtained from hydro priming and 6hr priming duration. In general this study reveal that seed priming enhance seed germination quality and improve the yield and yield related traits so that accelerate over all yield and yield related of the common bean.
Abstract: This study was carried out in order to evaluate effect of seed priming on seed yield and yield components of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Tigray region, Mehone agricultural research center. Low quality seed causes poor seedling emergence, which is one of the biggest barriers to closing the enormous yield gap, particularly in environments ...
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Effects of Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Black Sesame (Sesamum radiatum Schum)
Olusola Olusegun James,
Adejoro Solomon Alaba,
Aiyelari O. Peter,
Akinbuwa Olumakinde
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
80-85
Received:
22 December 2022
Accepted:
3 April 2023
Published:
20 June 2023
Abstract: The experiment was conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria during 2020 and 2021 cropping season to determine the effects of fertilizer application on the growth, yield and nutritional quality of black sesame (Sesamum radiatum S.). The treatments were poultry manure at the rate of 4 t/ha, pig manure at the rate of 4 t/ha, NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer at the rate of 200 kg/ha, Super gro at the rate of 1 litre/ha and control (no fertilizer). The treatments were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Data were collected on plant height, number of leaves from 4 – 6 weeks after planting (WAP). Leaf area, edible yield, marketable yield, total biomass and nutrient composition were determined at the termination of the experiment. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using Tukey at p < 0.05. The study showed that 4 t/ha of poultry manure and 4t/ha of pig manure significantly increased plant height and number of leaves of sesamum radiatum over other treatments. However, 200kg of NPK 20.10.10 and 4 t/ha of pig manure gave the highest in edible yield, marketable yield and total biomass at harvest. The nutrient content was investigated, the results showed that 4 t/ha of poultry manure, 4 t/ha of pig manure. 200kg of NPK 20.10.10 and 1 litre of super gro influence Black sesame, although they had differing effects on the nutrient composition. Poultry manure at the rate of 4 t/ha, pig manure at the rate of 4 t/ha, NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer at the rate of 200 kg/ha, Super gro at the rate of 1 litre/ha were recommended for production of Sesamum radiatum. The study proves that fertilizer application on low quality soil improved the soil physicochemical properties and also improved the nutritional quality of the crop.
Abstract: The experiment was conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria during 2020 and 2021 cropping season to determine the effects of fertilizer application on the growth, yield and nutritional quality of black sesame (Sesamum radiatum S.). The treatments were poultry manure at the rate of 4 t/ha, pig manure at the rate of 4 t/ha, NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer at the rate of...
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The Characterization of Anatomical Indices of Seed Coat Formation of Diploid and Tetraploid Representatives of the Genus Gossypium L
Nina Tutushkina,
Abdumavlyan Abdullaev,
Ziroat Ernazarova
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
86-92
Received:
30 August 2022
Accepted:
14 September 2022
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: The biomorphological and genetic diversity of cotton that exists in nature includes about 50 species belonging to the genus Gossypium L. of the family Malvaceae Juss. Many of its representatives, and especially wild ones, are carriers of valuable traits and biological properties, but due to a number of objective reasons, they are little used in practical breeding. Of all the diversity, only some representatives of diploid species - G. herbaceum L., G. arboreum L. and tetraploid - G. hirsutum L., G. barbadense L. are used in culture and have become widespread. In modern breeding programs, much attention is paid to a comprehensive study and selection of source material. A large and valuable contribution, along with others, is made by morphological and anatomical methods for studying the vegetative and generative organs of cotton. The seed coat plays an important biological role during its germination, performs the functions of protecting the embryo, maintaining its viability, and also contains a number of valuable chemicals used in the national economy. The structure of the peel of the mature seed of wild-growing species, varieties and cultivated representatives has been studied quite fully, but its development in the process of seed maturation has been studied very little. The article presents the results of anatomical studies of the structure of the peel of ovules of different ages and mature seeds of wild and cultivated representatives of the cotton plant Gossypium L. A total of 16 diploid subspecies were studied. A comparative analysis of indicators of the structure and rate of formation of the integumentary layers of the seed coat was carried out to identify both distinctive and common features in wild and cultivated representatives of the genus Gossypium L. Diagnostically significant features were also identified. in the structure of the seed coat. In particular, the structural features of the hardness (strength) of the seed coat of the studied representatives were determined, which correlate with precocity and contamination of the fiber, which are of interest for genetic breeding work. And the level of development and systematic position of individual representatives of the genus Gossypium L.
Abstract: The biomorphological and genetic diversity of cotton that exists in nature includes about 50 species belonging to the genus Gossypium L. of the family Malvaceae Juss. Many of its representatives, and especially wild ones, are carriers of valuable traits and biological properties, but due to a number of objective reasons, they are little used in pra...
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Participatory Demonstration and Evaluation of Common Bean Technologies in Lowlands of Borana, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
93-97
Received:
6 April 2023
Accepted:
15 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: The study was conducted inYabello district of Borana zone with the objectives of demonstrating and evaluating the productivity and profitability of haricot bean varieties, creating awareness, improving farmers’ knowledge and skill and enhance linkage among the relevant stakeholders for the two consecutive years, 2020-2021. A total of fourteen (14) trial farmers were selected from two potential haricot bean growing peasant associations. Two Farmers Research Group (FRG) having 30 farmers were established at each peasant associations. Two improved haricot bean varieties, Gofta and SER-119 and one local variety were planted each on a plot size of 10m×10m. Trial farmers were used as replication. Training on which a total of 40 participants took part was organized at Yabello Pasroral and Dryland Agriculture Research Center. Haricot bean varieties were evaluated based on their yield, storability and disease tolerance. Agronomic and yield data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Based on the yield data, 20.2 qt/ha, 13.7qt/ha and 14.1 qt/ha were obtained from Gofta, SER-119 and local (Kulo) varieties, respectively. Gofta has 43.2% yield advantage over local check. Thus, Gofta ranked first at both sites and is therefore recommended for pre-scaling up in the study area in particular and other similar agro-ecologies in general.
Abstract: The study was conducted inYabello district of Borana zone with the objectives of demonstrating and evaluating the productivity and profitability of haricot bean varieties, creating awareness, improving farmers’ knowledge and skill and enhance linkage among the relevant stakeholders for the two consecutive years, 2020-2021. A total of fourteen (14) ...
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Systematic Collection and Analysis of Alternative Splicing Events in Potato Plants
Atinuke Ogungbayi,
Jessica Lee,
Vishwa Vaghela,
Feng Yu,
Xiangjia Min
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
98-106
Received:
10 April 2023
Accepted:
19 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: Potato [Solanum tuberosum L.] is one of the major food plants with complete genome sequences available. Plant genes are subjected to alternative splicing (AS), a process increases both transcriptome and proteome diversities. The work reports a systematic genome-wide study on identification and analysis of AS events by integrating multiple sources of sequencing data in potato plants. A collection of 291,071 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and mRNA sequences were cleaned and assembled into 150,435 unique transcripts and 87,992 of them were mapped to potato genome. In addition, a total of 5.8 billion out of 7.7 billion RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) reads, which were collected from 227 samples deposited from 10 published projects, were mapped to potato genome. Combining all mapping data results in identification of a total of 226,769 AS events, which were further classified into basic events (49.0%) and complex events (51.0%), that were generated from 24,650 genes. The basic AS events include intron retention (9.5%), alternative acceptor sites (19.2%), alternative donor site (8.2%), and exon skipping (12.1%). The AS rate of annotated gene models was estimated to be ~45.8% in potato plants. Comparative analysis identified 2,929 alternatively splice genes conserved among potato, tomato, soybean and maize plants. The work provides an important resource for further functional characterization of these genes in potato biology.
Abstract: Potato [Solanum tuberosum L.] is one of the major food plants with complete genome sequences available. Plant genes are subjected to alternative splicing (AS), a process increases both transcriptome and proteome diversities. The work reports a systematic genome-wide study on identification and analysis of AS events by integrating multiple sources o...
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