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Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- Pterocarpus macrocarpus via Real-Time PCR

Received: 20 June 2023    Accepted: 8 July 2023    Published: 17 July 2023
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Abstract

Pterocarpus macrocarpus, a perennial, woody tree, is considered as a commercially valuable species with various applications in furniture making, building materials, drug development, and dyeing. The genus Pterocarpus comprises 66 species growing throughout the tropics, with P. macrocarpus and P. indicus being morphologically closely related, leading to difficulties in distinguishing them via anatomical features. The calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) gene is a Ser/Thr protein kinase existing in plants, whose Ca2+ sensing and kinase activities play a significant role in plant growth, development and response to various stresses. However, current molecular methods such as DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis are time-consuming and labour-intensive. In the present study, a rapid and reliable real-time PCR method for wood identification of this species was established. Through target regions selection, primer/probe design and testing, method validation, specificity and sensitivity analysis, the most efficient real-time PCR approach taking partial CPK gene region as the target, was finally built up. It has also been proven to be highly specific and sensitive with a detection limit near 1.8 × 10-2 ng/μL. This study provides a useful tool for wood species discrimination for the proper utilization of this valuable timber, which will certainly benefit the wood industry towards a better and reasonable circumstance.

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12
Page(s) 121-127
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

High-Value Hardwood, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Species Discrimination, Real-Time PCR

References
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[6] Siltecho S, Suvannang N, Kaiphoem J, et al. Characterization of Pterocarpus macrocarpus (pradoo wood) biochar and its effect on the retention properties of sandy soils in Northeast Thailand. Soil Use and Management. 2022, 38 (2): 1293-1306.
[7] Oo TN, Lee DK, Park YD. Growth performance of teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.) and padauk (Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz) used in the enrichment planting for the restoration of degraded tropical forests in Myanmar. Journal of Korean Forest Science. 2008, 97 (5): 540-546.
[8] Wahyuni DK, Wacharasindhu S, Bankeeree W, et al. In silico anti-SARS-CoV-2, antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of crude extracts and homopterocarpin from heartwood of Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz. Heliyon. 2023, 9 (2): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13644.
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[10] Abouelela M, Abdelhamid R, Orabi M. Phytochemical constituents of plant species of Pterocarpus (F: Leguminosae): a review. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research. 2019, 11 (4): 264-281.
[11] Chen JT, Ni CY, Zhang ZF, et al. GC-MS explores health care components in the extract of Pterocarpus Macarocarpus Kurz. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2018, 25 (6): 1196-1201.
[12] The Plant List, 2013. The Plant List: a working list of all plant species. Version 1.1. Richmond, London, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.theplantlist.org
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[15] Chaw SM, Zharkikh A, Sung HM, et al. Molecular phylogeny of extant gymnosperms and seed plant evolution: analysis of nuclear 18S rRNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 1997, 14 (1): 56–68.
[16] Moritsuka E, Chhang P, Tagane S, et al. Genetic variation and population structure of a threatened timber tree Dalbergia cochinchinensis in Cambodia. Tree Genetics & Genomes. 2017, 13 (115): https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-017-1199-8.
[17] Yang XX, Zhao ZY, Wang ZM, et al. Microstructure identification based on vessel pores feature extraction of high-value hardwood species. Bioresources. 2021, 16 (3): 5329-5340.
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[19] Vishal S, Jyoti Y, Raj K, et al. On the rapid and non-destructive approach for wood identification using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric methods. Vibrational Spectroscopy. 2020, 110: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vibspec.2020.103097.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jiaying Wang, Jihong Zhang, Weijun Duan, Xianfeng Chen, Yan Wang. (2023). Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- Pterocarpus macrocarpus via Real-Time PCR. Journal of Plant Sciences, 11(4), 121-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12

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    ACS Style

    Jiaying Wang; Jihong Zhang; Weijun Duan; Xianfeng Chen; Yan Wang. Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- Pterocarpus macrocarpus via Real-Time PCR. J. Plant Sci. 2023, 11(4), 121-127. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12

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    AMA Style

    Jiaying Wang, Jihong Zhang, Weijun Duan, Xianfeng Chen, Yan Wang. Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- Pterocarpus macrocarpus via Real-Time PCR. J Plant Sci. 2023;11(4):121-127. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12,
      author = {Jiaying Wang and Jihong Zhang and Weijun Duan and Xianfeng Chen and Yan Wang},
      title = {Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- Pterocarpus macrocarpus via Real-Time PCR},
      journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
      volume = {11},
      number = {4},
      pages = {121-127},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20231104.12},
      abstract = {Pterocarpus macrocarpus, a perennial, woody tree, is considered as a commercially valuable species with various applications in furniture making, building materials, drug development, and dyeing. The genus Pterocarpus comprises 66 species growing throughout the tropics, with P. macrocarpus and P. indicus being morphologically closely related, leading to difficulties in distinguishing them via anatomical features. The calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) gene is a Ser/Thr protein kinase existing in plants, whose Ca2+ sensing and kinase activities play a significant role in plant growth, development and response to various stresses. However, current molecular methods such as DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis are time-consuming and labour-intensive. In the present study, a rapid and reliable real-time PCR method for wood identification of this species was established. Through target regions selection, primer/probe design and testing, method validation, specificity and sensitivity analysis, the most efficient real-time PCR approach taking partial CPK gene region as the target, was finally built up. It has also been proven to be highly specific and sensitive with a detection limit near 1.8 × 10-2 ng/μL. This study provides a useful tool for wood species discrimination for the proper utilization of this valuable timber, which will certainly benefit the wood industry towards a better and reasonable circumstance.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- Pterocarpus macrocarpus via Real-Time PCR
    AU  - Jiaying Wang
    AU  - Jihong Zhang
    AU  - Weijun Duan
    AU  - Xianfeng Chen
    AU  - Yan Wang
    Y1  - 2023/07/17
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12
    T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    SP  - 121
    EP  - 127
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0731
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12
    AB  - Pterocarpus macrocarpus, a perennial, woody tree, is considered as a commercially valuable species with various applications in furniture making, building materials, drug development, and dyeing. The genus Pterocarpus comprises 66 species growing throughout the tropics, with P. macrocarpus and P. indicus being morphologically closely related, leading to difficulties in distinguishing them via anatomical features. The calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) gene is a Ser/Thr protein kinase existing in plants, whose Ca2+ sensing and kinase activities play a significant role in plant growth, development and response to various stresses. However, current molecular methods such as DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis are time-consuming and labour-intensive. In the present study, a rapid and reliable real-time PCR method for wood identification of this species was established. Through target regions selection, primer/probe design and testing, method validation, specificity and sensitivity analysis, the most efficient real-time PCR approach taking partial CPK gene region as the target, was finally built up. It has also been proven to be highly specific and sensitive with a detection limit near 1.8 × 10-2 ng/μL. This study provides a useful tool for wood species discrimination for the proper utilization of this valuable timber, which will certainly benefit the wood industry towards a better and reasonable circumstance.
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Technical Center, Ningbo Customs, Ningbo, China

  • Technical Center, Ningbo Customs, Ningbo, China

  • Technical Center, Ningbo Customs, Ningbo, China

  • Ningbo Customs, Ningbo, China

  • Technical Center, Ningbo Customs, Ningbo, China

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